Vehicle Emissions, Manufacturing, Power Generation
"Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in both cities and rural areas is causing fine particulate matter which results in strokes, heart diseases, lung cancer, and acute and chronic respiratory diseases."
World Health Organization
I'm sure you've been to a city that just has bad air, too many cars, factories emitting their fumes, manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and plastic all that shit goes into the air and can make one feel lethargic, tired, and even sick. I vividly remember that whenever I visited Budapest, the capital of Hungary while living in the countryside in small town I was always hit bit tiredness and red eyes. My body was used to the clean air of the countryside and was difficult to adopt to all the pollution of the city.
"Particles with a diameter of 10 microns or less (≤ PM10) can penetrate and lodge deep inside the lungs, causing irritation, inflammation and damaging the lining of the respiratory tract. Smaller, more health-damaging particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less (≤ PM2.5 – 60 of them make up the width of a human hair) can penetrate the lung barrier and enter the blood system, affecting all major organs of the body. These pollutants increase the risk of heart and respiratory diseases, as well as lung cancer and strokes."
World Health Organization
Big cities are not the healthiest options for living anyway, although there are some cities that are worse than others. In any way I always try to chose a more suburban area with lots of trees, parks and woods around even if living in a city. Some big cities have a small town feel to them, the traffic is not crazy, there are lots of green trees and parks, those work ok. Other cities that have barely any nature left inside and around and are more like concrete jungles are better to avoid. The air you breath is one of the most crucial aspect of health. Without air you die in a couple of minutes. Healthy, clean air is super important if you care about your health.